8^th International Conference on Medical Education and Health Sciences 2018-10-08 London ,UK

Biography:

Monisha Sahai has completed her Post-Graduation from Institute of Medical Sciences at BHU and has worked as a Registrar in All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi and K.L.E Hospital, Belgaum in India. As State Consultant for Child Health in the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MOHFW), National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) she helped conceptualize, create protocols and set up Malnutrition Treatment Centers (MTCs) and Facility based Newborn care units in each of the 33 districts of Rajasthan State in India. She has also worked for National AIDS Control Organization (NACO) as Senior Medical Officer in SMS Medical College, Jaipur. She has been invited by the Planning Commission (Government of India) and has been a core group Member formulating the National Child Health Policy. Since 2014, she is working as an Assistant Professor in RUHS College of Medical Sciences, Jaipur. She has published two papers in reputed journals and is the Founder Trustee of a non for profit organization N-IDIA and a publication house (Jaipur Publications).

Abstract:

Undergraduate medical students are often at loss when they need to remember facts and practice those in clinical examination. To overcome this difficulty the author developed ‘Pediatric Quick Review System (PQRS)’, a peer reviewed medical education tool for providing a protocol based, self-placed training in pediatrics. To test its effectiveness, the students were asked to volunteer for the study. This study was pre-approved by the University’s Ethical Committee and the Academic Research Development Unit (ARDU). The students were divided into two groups, study group consisting of 52 undergraduate and 8 post graduate students and a control group of 41 students who volunteered not to enroll in this study. The study group students after giving a Pretest, were provided the PQRS tool free of cost, followed by a post test at the end of 3 weeks and submission of a SMART (rating w.r.t specific, measurable change, accessible, realistic goal achievement and time bound) feedback form regarding their opinion about the usefulness of this tool. The efficacy of the tool was evaluated by comparing the pretest and post test scores of the study group students as well as the improvement in quiz performance over two weeks. The pretest scores were found to be less than 50% of the post test score.

Biography:

Katie Jane Edwards has completed her Master’s in Public Health with Leadership and Management from the University of Sheffield. She has had a previous collaborative authorship in The Bone and Joint Journal.

Abstract:

Background: The current interest in General Practice (GP) at medical school is low. In 2020 the NHS is expected to be short of 12100 general practitioners and the GP training program has recruited below target level in recent years. There is a lack of hard evidence on how to improve student interest in GP. Preferences towards specialties occur at medical school therefore, it is necessary to discover medical student’s opinions on general practice placements and how to make changes at medical school to improve future perceptions of the career.

Methods: 16 medical students who had completed one or more general practice placements were recruited via convenience and snowball sampling to participate in a semi-structured interview. The questions were based on perceptions of general practice, how they occur and how the negative perceptions can be challenged. The data was analyzed using the grounded theory approach to extract the themes present throughout the data.

Findings: Key perceptions expressed by interviewees regarding GP were balanced, positive and negative, amongst the sample. Common recommendations made to promote general practice as a specialty include equal weighting of GP compared to other specialties; highlight the diversity of GP and compulsory specialty focused career guidance.

Discussion: To increase the number of GP trainees, perceptions of GP need to be changed. The main areas of contribution are the quality of placements, exposure to good supervisors and peer and public sharing of perceptions. Medical student views can be useful in shaping future teaching of primary care education.

Biography:

Alexander Young holds a Master’s degree in Surgical Science, a Postgraduate Certificate of Medical Education and Membership of the Royal College of Surgeons. He has been on the Editorial Board of several surgical journals and has published over 20 journal articles and edited 7 books. He was the youngest Committee Member of the British Orthopaedic Trainees Association after founding the International Future Orthopaedic Surgeons Society as a Medical Student and has also held committee positions at the Royal Society of Medicine.

Abstract:

Over 60% of 4^th year medical students lack confidence in dealing with cardiac arrest situations. Recent technology advancements allow smartphones to be converted into virtual reality headsets. We have developed a method of Virtual Reality Fully Immersive Interactive Technology Teaching (VR FIITT) where a student may be fully immersed in a virtual reality teaching scenario. A pilot research study took 75 preclinical medical students and used five different training methods to teach them Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR). Each group was provided 20 minutes of training via their designated training method. After which they were asked to rank their confidence to perform the technical steps of CPR on a real patient, their enjoyment of the teaching method and their confidence to perform this skill in a real environment under pressure. VR FIITT scored highest in all three areas of assessment compared to the other teaching methods. Students enjoyed the VR FIITT (P=0.028) and had more confidence to use their skills in clinical practice (P=0.045) compared to all other teaching methods. However it was only shown to be superior to video and textbook teaching methods (P=0.036) when assessing how confident students felt with the steps of CPR. The nature of resuscitation events is a main factor in why medical students feel underprepared to attend resuscitation calls as a newly qualified junior doctor. This project highlights this technology can be used to address this issue by helping to reduce anxiety and potentially improve performance, when faced with these events in real life.

Biography:

Lantonirina Ravaoarisoa is pursuing Doctoral studies from the Public Health School of the Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium. She works at the Research and Expertise Department of the National Institute of Public and Community Health in Antananarivo, Madagascar. She is a Researcher and Teacher Assistant at the Faculty of Medicine of the Université of Antananarivo, Madagascar.

Abstract:

The prevalence of under-nutrition among rural population in developing countries increases during the lean season. This study aims to identify the factors associated with the seasonal variation of the nutritional status amongst mothers in a rural setting in Madagascar. A cohort study was carried-out among 670 mothers aged 18-45 and living in the rural area of Amoron'i Mania Region of Madagascar. Inclusion in the study occurred during the post-harvest season (July-August 2015), and mothers were followed until the end of the next lean period (February 2016). The difference between the body mass index and the middle upper arm circumference for both seasons was calculated to assess the seasonal variation of the nutritional status in women. Linear regression was used to identify the factors that contribute to the seasonal variation. The mean (SE) difference of the body mass index between the two seasons was -0.44 (0.04) kg/m² and -7.17 (0.48) mm for the mid upper arm circumference. Factors associated with the variation in body mass index are: Low level of education [β (95% CI)=-0.54 (-0.91; -0.18), p=0.003] and increase in the number of children under-five [β (95% CI)=-0.20 (-0.29; 0.11), p<0.001]. For mid upper arm circumference, these factors are: Low level of education [β (95% CI)=-4.62 (-8.93; -0.30), p=0.002], increase in the number of children under-five [β (95% CI)=-1.58 (-2.65;-0.52), p=0.004] and pregnancy [β (95% CI)=-6.17 (-9.36; -2.98), p<0.001]. Fight against maternal under-nutrition in the study area has to take into account the level education of women, the number of children under five and the pregnant women.

Biography:

Krisztina Juhos has completed her Doctor of Medicine - MD in 2014 from the University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary. Her attention is towards the surgical education, mainly integrating the principles of Competency Based Medicine (CBME) into the training of the minimally invasive surgery. She has participated in several international consortiums in the field of surgical specialty training supported by the European Union.

Abstract:

Several points of differences in surgical residency programs can be found among European countries. Despite the fact that gradual medical education is really well structured and organized all over the world, there are no standardized curricula for surgical specialist's training. The teaching staffs of residency programs are mainly consultants, mentors and experienced surgeons who were selected according to their surgical expertise without any teaching experience. In 2015 a survey have been assessed the characteristics of the specialist's training in surgery (general, thoracic, vascular, pediatric, plastic surgery, urology, orthopedics, traumatology, etc.). The following details have been highlighted that one third of residents received only verbal information during their practical process or the 6 year surgical training wasn’t previously planned for almost 49% of surgical residents in Germany. The issues are similar to these rates in many other European countries. The background of our study is the need to improve specialist's training in surgery and the lack of Pan-European standardization. The 'train the trainers' association with the members from western, central and eastern Europe, supported by the Erasmus program of the European commission is going to determine the unified requirements and curriculum for the pedagogical and didactic training of surgical trainers. Finally, the profile and curriculum will be completed by a multilingual e-learning program.

Biography:

Salman Akram  is a Post doctoral fellow currently pursuing his career in Unistra located in France.

Abstract:

Drug delivery system has property of encapsulating both hydrophilic and hydrophobic in double emulsion system (e.g. w/O/W) contents are of great interest for scientists. In our study, we have proposed the formation of such a system in the form of double emulsion at nano scale. Reaching such a small level can lead to loss of encapsulation efficiency of system. Herein we proposed a new technology that reinforces the inner water droplet with silica shell, resulting in the improvement of the encapsulation efficiency. Firstly, primary w/O emulsion is prepared by ultra-sonication and its characterization and optimization for size distribution and dispersity index is done to select the best candidate for making the double emulsions. Then, double emulsion at macro-scale is obtained by mechanical mixing and at nano-scale by spontaneous emulsification. A morphological study by optical microscopy is done to visualize the double structure at micro scale. Encapsulation efficiency and stability against severe temperature conditions has been analyzed and proved that system having silica are much more effective regarding encapsulation as compared to control. Morphological studies by transmission electron microscopy are done to visualize appearance of the nano double emulsion droplets. Then, encapsulation studies proved that systems having certain amount of silica are more protective as compared to control even at nano scale. Finally, release studies proved that system can release almost all of encapsulated materials at 37 ºC.

Biography:

Rajeev K Tyagi completed his PhD and he is currently a Professor in Department of Periodontics, College of Dental Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, USA and a part of Biomedical Parasitology and Nano-Immunology Lab, Amity University, India

Abstract:

Methotrextae (MTX), a potent disease modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARDs)

and aceclofenac (ACE) a well-known NSAIDs, are widely used drugs for the

treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. MTX and ACE were encapsulated in wellcharacterized

lipid polymer hybrid Nanoparticles (LPHNPs) and nanostructured

lipid carriers (NLCs) respectively. The efficiency of both drugs as mono- and cotherapy

was assessed in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treated and inflammation

mimicked human monocytic (U937) cells. The efficiency of these drugs was

confirmed by the estimation of surface inflammatory biomarkers

(Immunocytochemistry) as well as transcript (RT-PCR), proteome (western blot),

and histopathology. The ex-vivo results were corroborated by the results

obtained in an experimentally induced (complete Freund’s adjuvant

supplemented with mycobacterium tuberculosis animal model) arthritis animal

model. Our results present co-administration therapy (administration of MTX

and ACE via LPHNPs & NLCs through intravenous and transdermal route,

respectively) as an efficient therapeutic approach to treat rheumatoid arthritis.

We have compared the market formulations of ACE gel and MTX administered

through transdermal and subcutaneous route. Collectively, our results show

the administration of developed combination drug delivery systems which may

efficiently augment the enrichment of both drugs at the site of arthritis which

in turn prodigiously suppresses the arthritis growth.

Biography:

Vian Mohialdin is a Radiologist by training, completed her degree at University of Baghdad College of Medicine. She had completed Post-graduate degree in Radiology at University of Baghdad and worked as a Radiologist in several hospitals in Iraq. In 1993, she was appointed as the Lecturer at the Department of Biomedical Sciences at McMaster University and she is a Teaching Professor at the Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine since 1997.

Abstract:

With the technological progress of different types of portable ultrasound machines, there is a growing demand by all health care providers to perform bedside ultrasonography, also known as Point of Care Ultrasound (POCUS). This technique is becoming extremely useful as part of the clinical skills/anatomy teaching in the undergraduate medical school curriculum. Teaching/training health care providers how to use these portable ultrasound machines can complement their physical examination findings and help in a more accurate diagnosis, which leads to a faster and better improvement in patient outcomes. In addition, using portable ultrasound machines can add more safety measurements to every therapeutic/diagnostic procedure when it is done under an ultrasound guide. It is also considered as an extra tool in teaching clinical anatomy to medical students. Using an ultrasound is one of the different imaging modalities that health care providers depend on to reach their diagnosis, while also being the least invasive method. We thought investing in training the undergraduate medical students on the basic ultrasound scanning skills as part of their first year curriculum will help build up the foundation for their future career. The purpose is incorporating POCUS as part of the clinical skills/anatomy teaching within the first year undergraduate medical school curriculum will provide students with a unique experience in utilizing this increasingly used imaging modality in their career. This will not only help them in reaching more accurate diagnosis along with their clinical skills training, but will also help them in performing safer tests with less complications associated with different ultrasound guided therapeutic, and or, diagnostic procedures; for example; paracentesis and drainage of abscesses. A series of 3 figures are provided, the ultrasound machine that is used to train the undergraduate medical students, student scanning each other and the actual tutorial room. The idea was to train the learner how to use the ultrasound probe and be comfortable to scan and how to integrate shape, location, size, orientation and dimensionality of the image that they create by them scanning a warm body. The mission of discriminating between normal and abnormal features is less scary, when students have a solid understanding of normal structure. A questionnaire was handed to the first year undergraduate medical students at the end of session four, to evaluate their hands on ultrasound session experience. Answers were collected and data was analyzed into multiple graphs. The comments that we got from this survey were mainly positive; here are a few of the constructive comments that we received: This was a great learning experience; it was a great learning opportunity; very useful, leaned a lot; and loved the hand on experience.

Biography:

Keith Allan Yeo Shanhui is currently pursuing his MBBS at Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore. He holds a special certificate in Basic Practical Counseling and has a special interest in psychiatry. He is the Co-Head of Constructing Care Collaboration, an organization assisting in the provision of healthcare to migrant workers in Singapore.

Abstract:

Burnout amongst both medical and surgical residents is high and still rising. Its adverse effects on both the physician quality of life and patient care have been well studied, yet current literature differ on the overall prevalence of burnout and between the specialties. This meta-analysis aims to shed light on the global prevalence of burnout and how it differs between specialties. PubMed database was curetted for relevant articles we searched for resident-specific data including specialization. We required studies to measure burnout with the Maslach Burnout Inventory and use the criteria of a high score on either emotional exhaustion or depersonalization. This instrument and criteria has been proven to correlate well with burnout and widely used. 183 articles were identified from which 47 studies constituting 22,778 residents met the inclusion criteria. Analysis was conducted with R and using random-effects model, chi-square test, I² statistic and egger regression test. Overall burnout prevalence was 51.0% (95% CI: 45.0%-57.0%), burnout in surgical residents was 55.1% and was higher than medical residents at 49.1%, though this was not to be significant, p=0.921. Neurology had the highest rate of burnout, whereas psychiatry had the lowest, although the difference between specialties was not significant p=0.532, the ranking of specialties according to pooled burnout prevalence follow previous surveys. Our study included papers from 10 countries and 19 specialties, demonstrating that the challenges and pressures of a resident remains high throughout, regardless of specialization or country and the need to address it remains pressing.

Biography:

Cannan Wang has completed her MD from Chinese Medical University. She is the Teacher of School of Public Health, Southeast University. She has published more than 30 papers in English and Chinese.

Abstract:

Analysis of learning status of medical statistics for postgraduate based on Moodle platform: The modular object-oriented dynamic learning environment (Moodle) is applied to the teaching of medical statistics, and the learning situation of medical statistics is investigated by self-designed questionnaires at the beginning and end of the course. The students were divided into the high frequency group and the low frequency group according to the frequency of the course visits. The results of the final examination of the two groups and the learning status of medical statistics were compared by analysis of variance. The average score of the high frequency group was 76.22 points, which was higher than that of the low frequency group (70.22 points) and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). The final survey and baseline survey showed that students’ knowledge was improved significantly and the knowledge score of the high frequency group was higher than that of the low frequency group (P<0.01). The improvement of students’ understanding for medical statistics is reflected in the deepening of interest in learning, the extension of extracurricular learning time and the improvement of notes taking in class. The Moodle platform can effectively help the study of medical statistics, not only increase the students’ knowledge of medical statistics, but also make a positive change to the attitude and behavior for learning medical statistics.

Biography:

Pei Liu has completed his PhD from Southeast University, China. He is the Director of Institute of Medical Statistics, Southeast University. He has published more than 50 papers in English and Chinese.

Abstract:

Blended learning that combines a modular object-oriented dynamic learning environment (Moodle) with face-to-face teaching was applied to a medical statistics course to improve learning outcomes and evaluate the impact factors of students’ Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (KAP) relating to e-learning. The same real-name questionnaire was administered before and after the intervention. The summed scores of every part (knowledge, attitude and practice) were calculated using the entropy method. A mixed linear model was fitted using the SAS PROC MIXED procedure to analyze the impact factors of KAP. Educational reform, self-perceived character, registered permanent residence and hours spent online per day were significant impact factors of e-learning knowledge. Introversion and middle type respondents’ average scores were higher than those of extroversion type respondents. Regarding e-learning attitudes, educational reform, community number, Internet age and hours spent online per day had a significant impact. Specifically, participants whose Internet age was no greater than 6 years scored 7.00 points lower than those whose Internet age was greater than 10 years. Regarding e-learning behavior, educational reform and parents’ literacy had a significant impact as the average score increased 10.05 points (P<0.0001). This educational reform that combined Moodle with a traditional class achieved good results in terms of students’ e-learning KAP. Additionally, this type of blended course can be implemented in many other curriculums.

Biography:

Abstract: